Abstract
The relationship between intelligence quotient (IQ) and cognitive control processes has been extensively established. Several studies have shown that IQ correlates with cognitive control abilities, such as interference suppression, as measured with experimental tasks like the Stroop and Flanker tasks. By contrast, there is a debate about the role of Emotional Intelligence (EI) in individuals' cognitive control abilities. The aim of this study is to examine the relation between IQ and EI, and cognitive control abilities evaluated by a typical laboratory control cognitive task, the Stroop task. Results show a negative correlation between IQ and the interference suppression index, the ability to inhibit processing of irrelevant information. However, the Managing Emotions dimension of EI measured by the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), but not self-reported of EI, negatively correlates with the impulsivity index, the premature execution of the response. These results suggest that not only is IQ crucial, but also competences related to EI are essential to human cognitive control processes. Limitations and implications of these results are also discussed.
Highlights
The relation between intelligence quotient (IQ) and cognitive control skills is well established (Blair, 2006; Shamosh and Gray, 2008)
We explore the relation among the three cognitive control indices derived from the Stroop task, the IQ as measured by the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT; Kaufman and Kaufman, 2000), and two commonly employed measures of EI following the ability model: the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) (Mayer et al, 2002; Extremera et al, 2006) and the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (SEIS; Schutte et al, 1998)
We analyzed the relationship among IQ and EI, and cognitive control abilities using the interference and impulsivity indices obtained with Stroop tasks
Summary
The relation between intelligence quotient (IQ) and cognitive control skills is well established (Blair, 2006; Shamosh and Gray, 2008). Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to solve and think logically about novel problems It is independent of the acquired knowledge. It is measured by a non-verbal test that requires abstract reasoning, such as a Matrices test. Impulsivity could be considered as the consequence of dysfunctional inhibitory processes and strong impulses (premature execution of the response) and is modulated by dispositional and situational variables (Hofmann et al, 2009). These abilities are often measured by laboratory tasks such as the Stroop and Flanker tests. The common key to these tasks is that the participants must filter out interfering information as quickly as possible
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