Abstract
The current practice of breast pathology is virtually unthinkable without the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) [1, 2]. However, this indispensable diagnostic technique is burdened by numerous issues. This chapter is intended to outline the main uses of IHC in breast pathology. Furthermore, the problems and pitfalls inherent in the use of this technique are briefly discussed. Some common histopathological dilemmas—including usual versus atypical hyperplasia, benign versus malignant papillary lesions, and pseudoinvasive versus microinvasive carcinoma, etc. are considered. Also, issues relating to sentinel lymph node assessment, “surrogate” molecular classification, and workup of metastatic carcinomas in breast are briefly discussed. The role of immunostaining in assessing prognostic and predictive markers (including ER and HER2) of breast carcinoma are also concisely reviewed.
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