The role of Hume-Rothery's rules play in the MAX phases formability

Abstract

MAX phases are a family of layered, hexagonal-structure ternary carbides or nitrides of a transitional metal and an A-group element. What makes this type of material fascinating and potentially useful is their remarkable combinations of metallic and ceramic characteristics; as well as the indispensable role in 'top-down' synthesis of their 2D counterparts, MXenes. To enhance the efficiency in the successful search for potential novel MAX phases, the main efforts could go toward creating an information-prediction system incorporating all MAX phases’ databases, as well as generally valid principles and the high-quality regularities. In this work, we employ structure mapping methodology, which has shown its merit of being useful guides in materials design, with Hume-Rothery parameters to provide guiding principles in the search of novel MAX phases. The formable/non-formable data on MAX phases can be ordered within a two-dimensional plot by using proposed expression of geometrical and electron concentration factors.