Abstract
The Role of Human Papilloma Virus in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Pakistani Population
Highlights
Pakistan is one of the high-risk countries for oral cancer development, where oral cancer is the most prevalent cancer in men and may account for up to 30% of all new cases of cancer per year, compared to 3% in the UK and 6% in France [1]
Many known etiological factors for oral cancer development, like Pan, Betel Nut, Areca nuts and smoking are very commonly used in Pakistan, not all the people exposed to these factors develop cancer
This study is based on samples retrospectively collected from 72 different oral cancer patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma OSCC during the period of 2005-2010
Summary
Pakistan is one of the high-risk countries for oral cancer development, where oral cancer is the most prevalent cancer in men and may account for up to 30% of all new cases of cancer per year, compared to 3% in the UK and 6% in France [1]. Many known etiological factors for oral cancer development, like Pan, Betel Nut, Areca nuts and smoking are very commonly used in Pakistan, not all the people exposed to these factors develop cancer. Many patients not exposed to any of these factors develop cancer This indicates the presence of additional risk factors, including Human Papilloma Virus that can make these people more susceptible to cancer. More recently research has associated certain genotypes of HPV to the Papillary SCC of the Head and Neck [2], to OSCC [3], to the upper aerodigestive tract tumours [4,5], not to mention malignant and pre-malignant lesions of the uterine cervix [6], ulva [7], penis [8], and conjunctiva [9]. Certain studies investigating role of HPV in PSCC, a subset of SCC have reported prevalence of transcriptionally active HPV in almost 54% of cases, while some others report a failure of PCR studies to show transcriptionally active HPV [10]
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