Abstract
Transplantation is currently a routine method for treating end-stage organ failure. In recent years, there has been some progress in the development of an optimal composition of organ preservation solutions, improving the vital functions of the organ and allowing to extend its storage period until implantation into the recipient. Optimizations are mostly based on commercial solutions, routinely used to store grafts intended for transplantation. The paper reviews hormones with a potential nephroprotective effect, which were used to modify the composition of renal perfusion and preservation solutions. Their effectiveness as ingredients of preservation solutions was analysed based on a literature review. Hormones and trophic factors are innovative preservation solution supplements. They have a pleiotropic effect and affect normal renal function. The expression of receptors for melatonin, prolactin, thyrotropin, corticotropin, prostaglandin E1 and trophic factors was confirmed in the kidneys, which suggests that they are a promising therapeutic target for renal IR (ischemia-reperfusion) injury. They can have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects, limiting IR injury.
Highlights
Transplantation is one of the methods for treating end-stage renal failure
Due to their confirmed nephroprotective effect, it can be expected that in the near future the research will be extended to other hormones, which will consolidate knowledge on the safety and effectiveness of their use and allow them to enter clinical trials
We suggest that placing two or more protein-peptide substances with different mechanisms of action in a preservation solution may enhance its nephroprotective potential
Summary
Transplantation is one of the methods for treating end-stage renal failure. Compared to dialysis, it significantly improves the patient’s quality of life and reduces the cost of treatment. That is why it is important to conduct research aimed at developing preservation solutions allowing for the longest possible organ storage outside the donor’s organism and minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury of isolated grafts. The subject of the study are biologically active compounds that, when added to solutions, can minimize transplant-related complications. These include hormones, trophic factors, minocycline (p38MAPK inhibitor), antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, N-acetylcysteine, coenzyme Q10), micronutrients (zinc, selenium), which can potentially affect organ regeneration [1,2,3]. Numerous studies confirm the protective effect of hormones and trophic factors on the ischemic kidney. The analysis was based on the effectiveness of modified solutions in minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury during renal transplantation
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