Abstract
AbstractSynthesis of bismuth oxide synthesis through the precipitation method using H2C2O4 and Na2CO3 precipitating agents, identification of physicochemical properties and its photocatalysis activity for methyl orange degradation were conducted. The bismuth oxide synthesis was undertaken by dissolving Bi(NO3)3.5H2O in HNO3, then added precipitating agents to form precipitate. The results showed that bismuth oxide produced by H2C2O4 precipitating agent was a yellow powder containing a mixture of α-Bi2O3 (monoclinic) and β-Bi2O3 (tetragonal), porous with size of 28-85 μm. Meanwhile, the use of Na2CO3 as precipitating agent resulted in bismuth oxide consisting of α-Bi2O3 and β-Bi2O3 and Bi2O4, irregular shape without pore being 40-115 μm in size. Bismuth oxide synthesized with H2C2O4 precipitating agent showed higher photocatalytic activity compared to bismuth oxide synthesized using Na2CO3 on degrading methyl orange dye with degradation rate constants of 2.35x10-5 s-1 for H2C2O4 and 1.81x10-5 s-1 for Na2CO3.
Highlights
Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is a semiconductor that has attracted considerable attention because it exhibits good optical and electrical properties, such as a wide band gap of 2.3–3.96 eV [1]
Synthesis of bismuth oxide by precipitation method using H2C2O4 as precipitating agent was performed by dissolving Bi(NO3)3.5H2O in HNO3 solution
Oxalic acid (H2C2O4) resulted in bismuth oxide consisting of a mixture of both α-Bi2O3 and β-Bi2O3 crystal structures, porous with the size of about 28-85 μm
Summary
Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is a semiconductor that has attracted considerable attention because it exhibits good optical and electrical properties, such as a wide band gap of 2.3–3.96 eV [1]. Due to its excellent properties, Bi2O3 has been used for development of a novel photocatalyst and as a solid. Precipitation is a chemical reaction that occurs when two components are reacted to form a precipitate and another product in the solution system [8]. The process of precipitation is divided into 3 main stages, namely chemical reactions, nucleation, and crystal growth [9]. One factor affecting the characteristic of the resulting products is precipitating agent. Some of the most common substances used as the precipitating agents are hydroxide, sulfate, oxalate and carbonate [8]. The substances used as the precipitating agents were H2C2O4 and Na2CO3
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