The Role of Gut Microbiata in Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the role of the gastrointestinal tract, as a key system in the immune homeostasis.1. To emphasize the importance of the normal Flora and Microbiata in the human health.2. To study the effects of the changes in GI Microbiata on the pathogenesis of Multiple sclerosis.3. To evaluate the possible role of Fecal Microbiata Transplanation in the management of the disease.Review Article: The gastrointestinal tract has one of the biggest immune and nerve cells’ reservoirs in the body. The gut microbiota is considered a microbial “organ,” and its alteration could lead to the inflammatory activation of the immune system. Studies show that MS gut microbiome, as having general alterations in specific species, some associated with the promotion of inflammatory cytokines and overall inflammation. In addition to these findings, experimental models of the disease have reported that T regulatory cells have deficits in their function as a result of the aberrant gut microbiota composition. Evidence indicates that changes in microbiota composition may result in imbalances that could result in disease, with the gut as a potential novel therapeutic avenue. By understanding the biological effects of aberrant gut microbiome composition, it is possible to postulate current therapeutic options and their efficacy. Definitely, we need more research in this field, but targeting the gut microbiota may lead to the development of some new therapeutic strategies. Objectives: To evaluate the role of the gastrointestinal tract, as a key system in the immune homeostasis. 1. To emphasize the importance of the normal Flora and Microbiata in the human health. 2. To study the effects of the changes in GI Microbiata on the pathogenesis of Multiple sclerosis. 3. To evaluate the possible role of Fecal Microbiata Transplanation in the management of the disease. Review Article: The gastrointestinal tract has one of the biggest immune and nerve cells’ reservoirs in the body. The gut microbiota is considered a microbial “organ,” and its alteration could lead to the inflammatory activation of the immune system. Studies show that MS gut microbiome, as having general alterations in specific species, some associated with the promotion of inflammatory cytokines and overall inflammation. In addition to these findings, experimental models of the disease have reported that T regulatory cells have deficits in their function as a result of the aberrant gut microbiota composition. Evidence indicates that changes in microbiota composition may result in imbalances that could result in disease, with the gut as a potential novel therapeutic avenue. By understanding the biological effects of aberrant gut microbiome composition, it is possible to postulate current therapeutic options and their efficacy. Definitely, we need more research in this field, but targeting the gut microbiota may lead to the development of some new therapeutic strategies.