Abstract
The research was conducted to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on the vegetative multiplication of the Stevia plant shoot and the induction of callus from it. The results indicated that the interaction between 2.0 mg. L-1 BA with 0.5 mg. L -1 Kin gave the highest rate number of shoot with 6.32 branches and the highest average of leaves number Were 9.60 leaves compared to the lowest average for the number of shoot and leaves Were 1.40 shoot and 3.80 leaves respectively. As for the length of the shoot, the interaction between (1.0 mg. L-1 BA and 0.5 mg. L-1 Kin) gave the highest average shoot length 4.31 cm compared to the control which gave 2.20 cm. in connection with the callus induction, the concentration 3 mg. L-1 of NAA gave the highest percentage of callus induction from leaves 100%, and the lowest mean of days that for callus initiation was 9 days compared to the control which reached to 20 days. As for the wet and dry weights of callus tissue, the interaction between 2.0 mg. L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg. L -1BA gave the highest wet weight rate 3.68 g and the average dry weight was 0.31 g compared to the control which gave the lowest rate 0.95 g, 0.08 g respectively.
Highlights
Introduction nowadays Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is one of the most plants that has received interest and that due to Its medical importance and its commercially use as non-caloric sweetener for diabetic patient, stevia leaves are used in weight-loss programmes in order to their ability to decrease the appetite for sweet and fatty foods .Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni belongs to the family Asteraceae, and its natural habitat extends from the south western United States to Paraguay, Mexico and Brazil forests, and it grows in tropical and subtropical areas
The leaves contain terpenoid glycosides, the most important of them are the compounds of stevoside and ribodioside A, and the "stevia" plant is characterized as being sweeter than raw sugar 300-250 and 450-350 times (Gerami et al 2017)
Stevia seeds appear a very low germination percentage beside that vegetative propagation is limited by lower number of individuals that make Tissue culture and vitro micropropagation from shoot tip and leaf is the only rapid process for propagation of stevia plant, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of plant-growth regulators and to determine the optimal plant part on multiply the branches of the stevia plant and establish cultures of callus tissue from them
Summary
Bertoni is one of the most plants that has received interest and that due to Its medical importance and its commercially use as non-caloric sweetener for diabetic patient, stevia leaves are used in weight-loss programmes in order to their ability to decrease the appetite for sweet and fatty foods .Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni belongs to the family Asteraceae, and its natural habitat extends from the south western United States to Paraguay, Mexico and Brazil forests, and it grows in tropical and subtropical areas. The leaves contain terpenoid glycosides, the most important of them are the compounds of stevoside and ribodioside A, and the "stevia" plant is characterized as being sweeter than raw sugar 300-250 and 450-350 times (Gerami et al 2017). Stevia seeds appear a very low germination percentage beside that vegetative propagation is limited by lower number of individuals that make Tissue culture and vitro micropropagation from shoot tip and leaf is the only rapid process for propagation of stevia plant, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of plant-growth regulators and to determine the optimal plant part on multiply the branches of the stevia plant and establish cultures of callus tissue from them
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