The role of governance in explaining the relationship between public social expenditure and economic growth An econometric study on the organization of Islamic Cooperation Countries (OIC) during the period 1996- 2016: دور الحوكمة في تفسير العلاقة بين الإنفاق الاجتماعي الحكومي والنمو الاقتصادي دراسة قياسية على بلدان منظمة التعاون الإسلامي خلال الفترة 1996- 2016

doi:10.26389/ajsrp.b050121

Abstract

The paper aimed to study the impact of government social spending with its various components (education, health, social care) on economic growth in light of the role of governance indicators. It considered the OIC countries' experience during the 1996- 2016 period and estimated an econometric model using the "Generalized Moment Method" (GMM). The World Governance Indicators (WGI) have been used to proxy for the governance variable. The results showed that: (i) there is a negative impact of government spending on education and health in the OIC countries, and an unstable effect of spending on social transfers on economic growth; (ii) there is an interaction between government social spending on the one hand and governance on the other hand, and that the effectiveness of government social spending increases in Islamic countries with good governance indicator; and (iii) there is a positive effect of the six sub- governance indicators- except for the “voice and accountability” indicator on economic growth, and on the effectiveness of social spending on education and health on economic growth.

Highlights

The paper aimed to study the impact of government social spending with its various components on economic growth in light of the role of governance indicators
The results showed that: (i) there is a negative impact of government spending on education and health in the OIC countries, and an unstable effect of spending on social transfers on economic growth; (ii) there is an interaction between government social spending on the one hand and governance on the other hand, and that the effectiveness of government social spending increases in Islamic countries with good governance indicator; and (iii) there is a positive effect of the six sub- governance indicatorsexcept for the “voice and accountability” indicator on economic growth, and on the effectiveness of social spending on education and health on economic growth
‫الحصول عليها لغرض التقدير‪.‬‬ ‫وقد اتضح مما سبق أن جزءا من هذه النتائج غير المتوقعة يرجع إلى الانخفاض العام للحوكمة في البلدان‬ ‫الإسلامية؛ بحيث يمكن القول معه إن الإنفاق الاجتماعي سيكون أكثرفعالية وتأثيرا على النمو الاقتصادي في البلدان‬ ‫ذات الحوكمة المرتفعة‪ .‬وتأتي هذه النتائج متناسقة مع نتائج دراسات )‪(Filmer et al, 2000; World Bank, 2003‬‬ ‫والتي أرجعت عدم فعالية الإنفاق العام إلى ضعف الاستهداف أو عدم الكفاءة المؤسسية الناتج عن تسرب الإنفاق‬ ‫العام وضعف قدرة المؤسسات وعدم كفاءتها‪ ،‬وسوء إدارة الميزانية )‪ ،(Filmer et al, 2000; World Bank, 2003‬حيث‬ ‫أوضحت تقديرات تقرير منظمة الصحة العالمية (‪ )2010‬أن ما بين (‪ )%40 -%20‬من النفقات الصحية ُتهدر بسبب‬ ‫عدم الكفاءة‪ ،‬وأن اتباع سياسات أفضل في مجالات الإنفاق على الصحة يمكن أن يزيد مردود الإنفاق (منظمة‬ ‫الصحة العالمية‪ ،)2010 ،‬كما أشارت دراسة )‪(Pritchett, 1996‬إلى أن الفساد والمحسوبية )‪(Rajkumar, 2008: 98‬‬

Summary

Introduction

The paper aimed to study the impact of government social spending with its various components (education, health, social care) on economic growth in light of the role of governance indicators.

Results

Conclusion