Abstract
The present study evaluates the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract as monotherapy on the glycemic status, insulin resistance (IR), body mass index (BMI), and visceral adiposity index (VAI), in addition to the inflammatory markers, oxidative status and leptin level in patients with metabolic syndrome in comparison with metformin.
 The study is a randomized, double-blind pilot study conducted during the period May to September, 2020. Fifty patients were recruited in the study and they were allocated into two groups (25 per each group): Ginkgo biloba and Metformin groups, they received (120 mg Ginkgo biloba extract/ capsule) and (500 mg Metformin/ capsule) respectively; orally as a single dose for 90 days. Blood samples were taken at zero time and after 90 days and utilized for analysis of blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin and leptin levels, lipid profile, TAOS, hsCRP, TNF
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a debatable clinical body characterized by metabolic disturbances
Regarding the effects on insulin, 90 days’ treatment with GKB extract non-significantly decreased (20.6±17 μIU/ml vs 36.7 ±28) level (P= 0.07) compared with baseline values, while treatment with metformin led to a significant decrease (12.9±6μ IU/ml vs 27 ±19) in insulin levels compared with baseline values (P= 0.032) (Figure 2 B)
GKB for the first time has been used as a monotherapy in patients with MetS; and it was effective in modifying and improving some of the components of MetS such as insulin resistance, body mass index (BMI), visceral adiposity index (VAI) and HDL in addition to the inflammatory markers and the antioxidant status
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a debatable clinical body characterized by metabolic disturbances. There are some risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension that contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Some inflammatory markers are known to increase in patients with MetS [10]. The multifactorial etiologies of MetS render the management of the disease to be difficult because we need more than one medication to control the symptoms of the disease like hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia with truncal obesity [1, 13]. Medicinal plants have a long history in the management of various metabolic illnesses [16], Ginkgo biloba L. leaf extract (GKB extract), is among the nutraceuticals that gained great attention by the researchers because of its numerous biologically active constituents that may modify insulin action and/or production [17, 18]. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of GKB alone on the outcome of metabolic syndrome
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