Abstract
Natural and unnatural factors would develop coastal areas. Coastal area is a region that takes materials and substances from land surface then transfers them to sea and the remained and cumulative substances of them would deform under the effect of erosion forming the coasts appearance. Geomorphology is the study of land and process leading to formation and development of it. Coastal geomorphology emphasizes on formation of coastal areas and some processes such as waves, tides, and stream leading to formation of boulders, coral reefs and sandy beaches. The base of this study is on analytical comparison method of affecting variables on periodic change of shoreline in river estuary in which statistical and image data were analyzed. This research was conducted within three time intervals including 1955-1988, 2000-2006, and 2006-2013. Wind hourly data of Meteorological Organization of Iran was used to study waves. The fluctuation in level of Caspian Sea is an important factor in changes in shoreline of Caspian Sea besides the role of river and providing sediment output into the sea. The most area was belonged to 1995 along with declining trend of seal level of Caspian Sea and the lowest area was belonged to 2000 with a rising trend of sea level within three studied intervals. This point indicates the effect of seal level factor on change in area of studied intervals.
Highlights
The world shorelines indicate one of the most active natural environments
Coastal area is a region that takes materials and substances from land surface transfers them to sea and the remained and cumulative substances of them would deform under the effect of erosion forming the coasts appearance
Geomorphology has a specific priority because of its ability to provide and direct required preparations to be used in expensive methods such as recognition catheters that are common in geophysics
Summary
The world shorelines indicate one of the most active natural environments. Shorelines would make unique and extraordinary processes close to each other that comprise sea processes and include the processes resulted by transmission of water and sediments of rivers to the sea [1] [2]. It required recognizing features of coastal areas and their stability for any planning for establishment of human activities and exploiting from capacities of coastal areas because recognition of geomorphological conditions of coast would form the base of every research in field of coastal areas [5] [6]. The purpose of analysis of geomorphology term is not just definition of this science but the important point is to become familiar with concept, method, and methodology of this knowledge that every researcher of Earth’s science should completely know it
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