Abstract
Background & Objective:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections. This bacterium's antibiotic resistance to the common fluoroquinolone antibiotics, especially ciprofloxacin, is due to mutations in the gyrA and parC genes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the mutation in (gyrA, parC) on ciprofloxacin resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods:A total of 140 clinical samples were collected from hospitals. The samples were identified by standard biochemical tests, and the antibiotic resistance was investigated by the disk diffusion method. DNA was extracted from 30 isolates, and PCR was performed. PCR-sequencing was carried out to assess gyrA and parC mutations in drug-resistant isolates. NCBI-Blast and MEGA7 software was used to analyze the nucleotide sequences.Results:30 clinical isolates were 80% resistant to ciprofloxacin; meanwhile, in 21 samples, mutations were observed. 87/5% of mutations were related to gyrA (Thr83 → Ile), 79/16 % parC (Ser87 → Leu), and 4/18% (Glu91 → Lys). The antibiotic resistance to ciprofloxacin and mutations in gyrA and parC genes in resistant isolates are significantly related to each other (P<0.05). Conclusion:The mutations in the gyrA and parC genes play an essential role in resistance to ciprofloxacin in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Highlights
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a genus Gammaproteobacteria, belongs to the large family of Pseudomonas [1, 2]
According to the results obtained from PCR products of 30 clinical samples, as shown in Figure 2, the product size of gyrA is 460 bp, and parC is 270 bp
Based on the data obtained from other studies and present research, it was established that Pseudomonas aeruginosa, due to its genetic, is potentially receptive to a variety of genes such as transposons and plasmids, and can quickly become resistant to antibiotics
Summary
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a genus Gammaproteobacteria, belongs to the large family of Pseudomonas [1, 2]. Quinolones are broad-spectrum oral antibacterial agents that are widely used in therapy. They are lightweight hydrophilic molecules that inhibit DNA replication without affecting RNA or protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria. The bactericidal effect of ciprofloxacin on resistant strains of P. aeruginosa is much more significant than other types of antibiotics that seem to treat pseudomonas-related infections [7, 8]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections. This bacterium's antibiotic resistance to the common fluoroquinolone antibiotics, especially ciprofloxacin, is due to mutations in the gyrA and parC genes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the mutation in (gyrA, parC) on ciprofloxacin resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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