Abstract
Uveitis is a common complication of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) affecting up to 30% of patients with JIA. Although the typical bilateral chronic anterior uveitis associated with the persistent and extended oligoarticular and polyarticular, rheumatoid factor negative variants of JIA occurs predominantly in girls, boys may be more commonly affected in the HLA-B27 positive, enthesitis variant of JIA. While female gender has been associated with the development of the chronic anterior uveitis in children with JIA, the clinical course of JIA-associated uveitis may be worse in boys than in girls. The purpose of this paper is to review the available published literature to determine the role of gender in the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with JIA-associated uveitis.
Highlights
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represents a heterogeneous group of chronic arthritides that affect children aged 16 years and under [1,2,3]
Uveitis is a common complication of JIA, occurring in upwards of 30% of patients who are positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA) [3]
The most typical type of uveitis is a chronic bilateral anterior uveitis with insidious onset and persistent duration. It is this type of uveitis that is thought to confer the greatest risk for structural ocular complications and visual acuity loss among children suffering from JIA-associated uveitis because of its insidious onset, the lack of a red eye, and the onset in preverbal children
Summary
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represents a heterogeneous group of chronic arthritides that affect children aged 16 years and under [1,2,3]. The most typical type of uveitis is a chronic bilateral anterior uveitis with insidious onset and persistent duration It is this type of uveitis that is thought to confer the greatest risk for structural ocular complications and visual acuity loss among children suffering from JIA-associated uveitis because of its insidious onset, the lack of a red eye, and the onset in preverbal children. Other types of JIA-associated uveitis may occur, such as the recurrent acute anterior uveitis associated with enthesitis and a positive HLA-B27. These cases typically present as an acutely red, painful and photophobia eye and occur more commonly in boys than in girls. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the available literature investigating the role of gender in the clinical and treatment outcomes in JIAassociated uveitis
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