Abstract
Blast-resistant buildings are mainly used to protect main instruments, controllers, expensive equipment, and people from explosion waves. Oil and gas industry projects almost always include blast-resistant buildings. For instance, based on a hazard identification (HAZID) and hazard and operability (HAZOP) analysis of a plant, control rooms and substations are sometimes designed to withstand an external free air explosion that generates blast over pressure. In this regard, a building façade is considered to be the first barrier of resistance against explosion waves, and therefore a building façade has an important role in reducing a building’s vulnerability and human casualties. In case of a lack of enough resistance, explosion waves enter a building and bring about irreparable damage to the building. Consequently, it seems important to study and evaluate various materials used in a façade against the consequences of an explosion. This study tried to make a comparison between different types of building facades against explosion waves. The materials used in a building play a key role in the vulnerability of a building. In this research, a literature review and the fuzzy Delphi method were applied to find the most critical criteria, and then a fuzzy evaluation based on the distance from the average solution (EDAS) was applied in order to assess various materials used in building facades from the perspective of resiliency. A questionnaire was presented to measure effective indices in order to receive experts’ ideas. Finally, by implementing this methodology in a case study, it was concluded that a stone façade performs much better against explosions.
Highlights
Blast-resistant buildings are designed for use in hazardous industries, such as oil and gas industry projects where various types of fires as well as vapor cloud explosions are common in different hazardous scenarios
These multidisciplinary complicated projects have a clear path to specify hazards and explosions in order to define the necessity of blast-resistant buildings
First, the materials used in building façades in Iran were identified through library resources in order to evaluate the materials used in buildings to protect building façades from the effects of an explosion
Summary
Blast-resistant buildings are designed for use in hazardous industries, such as oil and gas industry projects where various types of fires (such as pool and jet fires) as well as vapor cloud explosions are common in different hazardous scenarios. These multidisciplinary complicated projects have a clear path to specify hazards and explosions in order to define the necessity of blast-resistant buildings. In this regard, first, different hazards through a hazard and operability (HAZOP) and hazard identification. If important buildings, such as control rooms, are located in one of the hazardous areas, the building has to be designed to resist an explosion wave
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