Abstract
The F-box domain is a protein structural motif of about 50 amino acids that mediates protein–protein interactions. The F-box protein is one of the four components of the SCF (SKp1, Cullin, F-box protein) complex, which mediates ubiquitination of proteins targeted for degradation by the proteasome, playing an essential role in many cellular processes. Several discoveries have been made on the use of the ubiquitin–proteasome system by viruses of several families to complete their infection cycle. On the other hand, F-box proteins can be used in the defense response by the host. This review describes the role of F-box proteins and the use of the ubiquitin–proteasome system in virus–host interactions.
Highlights
F-box proteins (FBPs) are a large and diverse family of proteins present in all eukaryotes that are characterized by presence of the F-box domain [1]
FBPs are structurally and functionally diverse, and their activity is crucial for selecting proteins that will be targeted by the SCF complex
F-box domain, other domains and motifs related to protein–protein interactions are usually present in the C-terminal region of FBPs, such as leucine rich repeats (LRR), WD40 repeats (WD), Kelch repeats, proline-rich and others
Summary
F-box proteins (FBPs) are a large and diverse family of proteins present in all eukaryotes that are characterized by presence of the F-box domain [1]. Most of the characterized FBPs are components of the SCF (SKp1, Cullin, F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin–ligase complex. FBPs are structurally and functionally diverse, and their activity is crucial for selecting proteins that will be targeted by the SCF complex. F-box domain, other domains and motifs related to protein–protein interactions are usually present in the C-terminal region of FBPs, such as leucine rich repeats (LRR), WD40 repeats (WD), Kelch repeats, proline-rich and others. For example, the FBPs FBXL and FBXW have LLR and WD domains, respectively, while FBXO lacks both of them [12]. Due to the diversification of additional domains, the FBPs in the model plants A. thaliana and rice are divided into 19 and 10 groups, respectively [3,6]
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