Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancers in the world, as a consequence of late diagnosis, early metastasis and limited response to chemotherapy, under which conditions the potential mechanism of pancreatic cancer progression requires further study. Exosomes are membrane vesicles which are important in the progression, metastasis and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. Additionally, they have been verified to be potential as biomarkers, targets and drug carriers for pancreatic cancer treatment. Thus, studying the role of exosomes in pancreatic cancer is significant. This paper focuses on the role of exosomes in the proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance, as well as their potential applications for pancreatic cancer.
Highlights
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the seventh most common malignancy, and the fourth and sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and China, respectively [1]
This paper focuses on the role of exosomes in the proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance, as well as their potential applications for pancreatic cancer
Surgical resection is taken as the only potential curative therapy for pancreatic cancer [7], while 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin with irinotecan and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX), gemcitabine combined with nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel constitute the first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer [8,9,10,11,12,13]
Summary
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the seventh most common malignancy, and the fourth and sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and China, respectively [1]. The poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer is typically caused by various factors, including poor detection rates at the initial stages, the high risk for distant metastasis, and disappointing surgical and chemotherapy outcomes. It is widely accepted that exosomes are membranous vesicles with lipid bilayer membranes ranging in diameter from 40 to 100 nm, and being secreted by multiple cell types and cancer cells [22,23], containing functional biomolecules (including lipids, proteins and nucleic acids). They participate in many physiological processes, such as immune response, antigen presentation, protein and RNA transport [19]. The research status and development in the field of exosomes will be briefly introduced, and special attention will be paid to exosomes in pancreatic cancer, chemoresistance, and its potential application in pancreatic cancer
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