Abstract
Exosomes affect the initiation and progression of cancers. In the tumor microenvironment, not only cancer cells, but also fibroblasts and immunocytes secrete exosomes. Exosomes act as a communicator between cells by transferring different cargos and microRNAs (miRNAs). Drug resistance is one of the critical factors affecting therapeutic effect in the course of cancer treatment. The currently known mechanisms of drug resistance include drug efflux, alterations in drug metabolism, DNA damage repair, alterations of energy programming, cancer stem cells and epigenetic changes. Many studies have shown that miRNA carried by exosomes is closely associated with the development of drug resistance mediated by the above-mentioned mechanisms. This review article will discuss how exosomal miRNAs regulate the drug resistance.
Highlights
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and targeted therapy are important modalities of cancer treatment
Studies have found that the occurrence and development of drug resistance is closely related to miRNA carried by exosomes [1,2,3,4,5]
This study shows that exosomes have the ability to transfer chemoresistance to sensitive cancer cells and exosomal miR-151a has the potential to become a prognostic factor in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment
Summary
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and targeted therapy are important modalities of cancer treatment. Wu et al indicated that exosomal miR-96 is associated with proliferation, migration and drug resistance by directly binding to wild-type LMO7 gene [60]. THE MECHANISM OF CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE WITH EXOSOMAL miRNA Tumor-derived exosomal miRNA cargo regulates the expression of ABC transporters and facilitates drug resistance in tumor cells.
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