Abstract
Mushrooms have been used since centuries for the treatment of different diseases and efforts were made to isolate different compounds from the mushrooms responsible for medicinal activities. Among the mushroom genus Pleurotus is worldwide in distribution due to their medicinal properties such interventions ameliorate hepatic lipid profiles, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, noticeable antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor and analgesic properties. These properties are attributed mainly to polysaccharides synthesized by Pleurotus. The aim of current study is to improve of Exopolysaccharide production by Pleurotus sapidus through manipulation of different culture and environmental conditions using response surface methodology (RSM). Plackett–Burman design indicated that; shaking, starch, and incubation temperature are the most effective parameters. Box–Behnken RSM indicated that; the optimum concentration for each parameter was: 148.9 rpm for shaking, 30.1g/l starch, and 25.2 oC for incubation temperature. After production, EPS was extracted, purified, identified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹HNMR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result indicated that; it consisting of β-(1→3) glucans, β-(1→6) glucans branched, Chitin, Mannans, and Galactans with different concentrations in EPS. Exopolysaccharides extracted from Pleurotus sapidus showed antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anticoagulant and antioxidant activity.
Highlights
Microorganisms regularly preserve polysaccharides as a functional adaptation to prevent them from drying out and to help them adhere to surfaces (Hussien, 2019)
Pleurotus sapidus was preserved on sterilized slants containing Glucose yeast extract peptone media (GYP) which consisted of gl-1: glucose 40, yeast extract 10, peptone 5, agar 15-20, chloroamphinicol 0.05, dissolved in 1L of distilled water and autoclaved it at 121 oC for 15 min
Among different growing agar media used in this investigation are GYP, PDA, Malt extract Agar (MEA), and WEA; Glucose Yeast Pepton media has proved to be the best media for the mycelial growth and EPS production of Pleurotus sapidus followed by PDA with a slight difference
Summary
Microorganisms regularly preserve polysaccharides as a functional adaptation to prevent them from drying out and to help them adhere to surfaces (Hussien, 2019). Edible mushrooms have become attractive as “health foods” and as source materials for immunomodulators (Chen et al, 2018). They have beneficial effects such interventions ameliorate oxidative stress, hepatic lipid profiles, and reduce inflammation (Fontes et al, 2019). Several mushrooms belonging to Pleurotus species are confirmed to be producer of bioactive polysaccharide. It is one of most extensively studied white-rot fungi due to its exceptional ligninolytic properties (Hao et al., 2017& Bellettini et al, 2016). Flammulina, Ganoderma, Grifola, Trametes, Lentinus, Auricularia, Hericium, Schizophyllum, Tremella and Phellinus species are considered to be medically important mushrooms with essential bioactive properties (Deveci et al, 2019)
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