The Role of ELMO1 Gene Mutation in Development of Nephropathy in Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Diabetic nephropathy(DN) is a serious kidney-related complication of diabetes. Up to 40 percent of people with diabetes eventually develop kidney disease. Several genome-wide association studies have introduced Engulfment and Cell Motility 1 (ELMO1) as a candidate gene which is associated with DN. This study assessed the association of ELMO1 gene polymorphisms with DN in order to investigate the effects of ELMO1 gene on susceptibility to DN in Kerbala/Iraqi province. Aims: The current study aims to identify the role of ELMO1 gene Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP) rs741301 as a candidate gene in susceptibility to DN of T2DM and its association with the development and progression of this disease ,and to verify the relationship between the investigated SNPs of ELMO1 gene with the phenotype changes in particular kidney function tests and other kidney biomarkers that may be seen in patients. Method: A case control study was conducted for period of 14 monthes, starting from January/2018 to March/2019 from Al-Husain Medical City and Al-kafeel super specialty Hospital in Kerbala ; the total number of participants were 109 subjects which were divided into three groups :36 were diabetic type II patients with nephropathy , 36 were diabetic type II patients without nephropathy and 37 healthy control . DNA was extracted from blood then genotyping of the SNP rs741301 was carried out by Tetra ARMS-PCR by using special primers . Results: The genotype and allele frequencies were examined under the codominant, dominant and recessive models with the use of multinomial logistic regression analysis, patients(DN) with the heterozygous genotype (GG+AG)where(OR=5.28,CI=1.35-20.73, P=0.017) higher than diabetic patients(GG+AG) where (OR=4.231CL=1.06-16.97, P=0.042) under dominant model. Conclusion: ELMO1 gene of rs741301 was associated with DN due to type 2diabetes complication in Kerbala/Iraqi province .