The role of double-guidewire technique in preventing postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

Abstract

Background and study aimsPostendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) complications increase with repeated cannulation attempts. We evaluated several advanced biliary cannulation techniques, which have been used when the standard approach fails, to increase the success rate and decrease post-ERCP complications. We aimed to evaluate the use of double-wire technique in terms of success rates and effects on post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and to assess the value of pancreatic duct stenting following needle-knife sphincterotomy in difficult biliary cannulation. Patients and methodsA single-center, retrospective, randomized study was conducted on patients who underwent ERCP in Notre Dame De Secours University Hospital at Byblos, Lebanon, after obtaining the hospital’s ethics committee approval.Patients were divided into three groups. The first group consisted of patients who had an ERCP and was divided into two subgroups, namely, one usingdouble-guidewire technique (DGT) only and another using an extra technique of precut with double-guidewire and pancreatic plastic stent placement. The second group of patients who had only ERCP was the control group. Finally, the third group endured the precut technique alone. ResultsWe could not prove any significant association between the intervention and the occurrence of pancreatitis when comparing double-wire technique plus ERCP to ERCP alone.When DGT with a pancreatic plastic stent was used, the incidence of PEP was significantly lower than that in other techniques. ConclusionDGT has a neutral effect on the reduction of PEP compared with the classic ERCP, but the technique can decrease the time of examination and increase success in difficult cases. ERCP using the double-guidewire with placement of a pancreatic plastic stent can contribute to decreasing PEP.