The Role of Direct-to-Consumer Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening for Survivors of Sexual Assault

Abstract

Background Direct-to-consumer screening options for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may be an innovative, trauma-informed approach to consider for survivors of sexual assault, however, little research has explored women’s perceptions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perspectives of direct-to-consumer STI screening as a potential method for college women who have experienced sexual assault. Methods Sexually active college women, age 18-24 were interviewed (n=24) regarding their overall perceptions of direct-to-consumer methods for STI screening. Interviews were analyzed thematically by two coders (Kappa=.83). The data generated an emergent theme that was not included in the a-priori theory-based coding. This theme focused on the potential acceptability of direct-to-consumer methods for women survivors of sexual assault. Results Participants discussed that women who survived sexual assault as among those who would benefit from the availability of direct-to-consumer methods for STI screening. They placed survivors at an intersection of barriers that often prevent people from seeking traditional screenings. Subthemes demonstrate that participants considered the survivor’s intrapersonal decision-making and how the survivor must navigate the sociocultural environment of the university. Results indicate that availability of direct-to-consumer methods for STI screening may mitigate sexual assault-related stigma and discomfort associated with reporting or seeking care, such as seeing a physician. Discussion Direct-to-consumer methods may mitigate challenges associated with the current medicolegal approach to sexual assault care by removing potential areas for re-traumatization and providing access to supportive health services. However, further research is necessary to understand the role of direct-to-consumer methods for survivors of sexual assault. Conclusion Although direct-to-consumer methods may provide useful STI screening opportunities, social factors contributing to the disparities in sexual assault and sexually transmitted infection rates on college campuses remain priorities for future interventions.