Abstract
ObjectivesTo analyze the correlation of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia with severe odontogenic abscesses.Materials and methodsRecords of all patients in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University who underwent inpatient treatment for severe odontogenic abscesses between 2010 and 2016 were evaluated retrospectively regarding diabetes anamnesis, maximum and fasting blood sugar count, and duration until discharge. In order to compare the numbers to a general maxillofacial group, all patients who received inpatient treatment in 2013 for any diagnosis other than an abscess of the head and neck region were analyzed as well, and the numbers were correlated.ResultsIn total, 977 abscess patients were found in the analyzed period. 7.0% of the patients had a known diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II and 0.6% of type I. Correlation with the general group showed that abscesses were significantly more likely in diabetics as well as patients with abnormal maximum and fasting blood sugar counts. These patients also needed significantly longer inpatient treatment.ConclusionsDiabetics and patients with abnormal glucose tolerance show significantly higher numbers of severe odontogenic abscesses and might therefore benefit from earlier escalation of antibiotic medication.Clinical relevanceSevere odontogenic abscesses are one of the most frequent diagnoses in maxillofacial practice. Adjusting the therapeutic approach for diabetics or patients with abnormal blood sugar counts might help to prevent the development of abscesses.
Highlights
The state in which a person suffers an absolute or relative reduction of insulin is known as diabetes mellitus
Electronic health records were evaluated for the following details: In total, 977 patients with severe odontogenic abscesses were found in the observed period, with a mean age of 41 years (±21.5years)
While there was no significant difference for the hospital stay between diabetics and non-diabetics (p = 0.387, median inpatient stay of 6.4 days), we found a significantly longer hospitalization for patients with abnormal Maximum blood sugar count (MBSC) (p = 0.046, median inpatient stay of 7.5 days) and Fasting blood sugar count (FBSC) (p 0= 0.008, median inpatient stay of 9.2 days)
Summary
The state in which a person suffers an absolute or relative reduction of insulin is known as diabetes mellitus. In addition to typical symptoms such as frequent urination and thirst and unspecific symptoms such as fatigue or recurrent infections, these patients show abnormal blood sugar counts with elevated fasting glucose tolerance above 126mg/dl. With more than 400 million affected patients, diabetes mellitus is one of the largest medical epidemics of the present time. Diabetes-associated pathologies of the cardiovascular and neural system can be found years prior to its manifestation and usually have already developed irreversible damage at the time of diagnosis. Lowered immune defense and recurrent infections usually are part of late onset diabetes [4,5,6]
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