Abstract
This article aims to analyze some of the processes that contributed to the emergence of theorizing about local development, namely, the Keynesian model crisis and aggravated social problems after the fall of the welfare State, globalization, and the role local action, decentralization and local government in the process of seeking of local development with the participation of civil society.
 Among the factors that contributed to the social crisis that led to the emergence of new theories of development, we have the collapse of the welfare State and the process that ended in neo-liberalism and globalization. It was in this context that new social actors with a new paradigm, that and the Local development process. Thus, arises the civil society, composed of entities that aim to develop through socio-economic dimension alternatives and environmental preservation.
 The process of globalization has not solved the social and economic problems of the contemporary world, in contrast, has contributed to further increase the differences between developed countries and those in development, leading many times, the growth of poverty and social exclusion. On the other hand, he is responsible for a process of local development institutions, bringing new perspectives to the adequacy of national public policies at regional/local peculiarities and the urban and rural spaces, in your physical, economic dimension, social and cultural.
 This process comes calling into question many traditional structures and public institutions as to your fitness and your performance in the management of economic and social policies, creating a dichotomy arising out of the policy challenges for the construction of a local network of care and social inclusion, with the participation of the communities.
Highlights
Globalization is a complex process triggered by way of production and circulation of goods, with an exponential growth from the second half of the 20th century, given a huge technological advancement
The U.S power is evident when the dollar becomes the globally accepted currency, in addition to the military might of American power. For this new stage of capitalist accumulation national Governments should be redefined, currently as a result of globalization, circulates in the world financial system billions of dollars that are not controlled by any Government, even by the Federal Reserve American
Development strategies and local development initiatives in cities, focused especially on the economic development of the territory, aimed at the implementation of employment-generation initiatives, increased productivity and output growth. These initiatives were broadening your scope, starting to act more and more from an integrated perspective of development that goes beyond the purely economic framework, to constitute a human and social development, which implies the participation of all the actors of civil society and local socio-economic fabric as an indispensable condition for the sustainability of development
Summary
Http://www.granthaalayah.com ©International Journal of Research - GRANTHAALAYAH [221]. The rise of modern society and the rational knowledge was an achievement of humanity against obscurantism, ignorance and mysticism. The bourgeoisie, at first was revolutionary history, when he fought against the "absolutist regime", used the rational knowledge to denounce the evils of feudal society, the power of the Church, of the aristocracy and of the absolute State. If the knowledge of nature, the instrumental reason led us to modern industry, to the advancement of medicine, biology, the human intelligence we got the computers, electronics applied to production processes, positivist perspective to human history was conceived as a set of "social facts" without ontological reasons and without a theological character. The bourgeoisie began to publicize the capitalist order as the "natural order" of human society, and subject to a linear process of evolution. It is considered today that the new knowledge acquired in the last twenty years correspond roughly to the set of the technical knowledge that mankind has accumulated during your story
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