Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses in vitro chemical point modifications of nucleic acids and the mutations detectable after such treatments. It describes the chemistry of mutagenic reactions and illustrates the working hypothesis that mutagenesis requires a tautomeric shift in the N-1, C-6 region of the purines or the N-3, C-4 region of the pyrimidines. The chapter explains that the efficiency of a mutagen is dependent on the extent of tautomeric shift it produces and on the ratio of the frequencies of the mutagenic to the inactivating events occurring simultaneously. The chapter summarizes the literature dealing with in vitro mutagenesis, with particular reference to nucleic acid conformation and milieu. It also indicates the relative reactivity of the bases, based on the chemical data. The chapter explains that mutagenesis is usually observed at an early stage of the reaction, before the base changes reach the level of analytical detectability for most reactions.
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