Abstract
Circular RNAs are single-stranded RNAs which are closed by covalent bonds during splicing. Different from other RNAs, circular RNAs are well known due to their circular structure. In recent years, many researches were conducted to investigate the role of circular RNAs in multiple diseases. To better understand the structure of circular RNAs, we reviewed the biogenesis and related regulation at first. Mechanisms by which circular RNAs exert effects were summarized then. Due to the conserved and brain-specific characteristic, circular RNAs in brain were depicted next. At last, considering the high mortality rate and disability rate caused by stroke globally, we reviewed related articles and summarized the results of original articles. Circular RNAs are suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of stroke as well as some other neurological diseases which provides new insights and potential targets in clinical application.
Highlights
CircRNAs participate in neural regulation and stroke pathogenesis
This review summarizes the result of recent researches and reviews the biogenesis and function of circRNAs
We focused on the effect of circRNAs in stroke which would provide new target for diagnosis and treatment
Summary
Some ecircRNAs are expressed stably and are rich in contents They have miRNAs binding sites, which can compete with mRNA and regulate gene expression [1, 3]. Antisense transcript and is mainly found in the brains of humans and mice [18] It contains over 60 conserved miR-7 binding. A recent article published in Science pointed out that after ciRS-7 knockout in mice, expression level of miR-7 in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb significantly reduced, while the downstream target gene Fos was upregulated. Sex-determining region Y of testicular-specific circRNA (circSRY) contains 16 miR-138 binding sites in the mouse brain [18]. CircRNA derived from genes containing repeat coding regions contains a series of conserved miRNA binding sites [22]
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