The role of chronic systemic inflammation syndrome in pregnant cows in the development of antenatal liver pathology in newborn calves

Abstract

Studies have been conducted to study the effect of the cytokine profile of cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome in the third trimester of pregnancy on the hematobiochemical status of newborn calves. The experiment was conducted on redmottled cows, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 15) – clinically healthy cows with uncomplicated pregnancy, average fatness 3.6 ± 0.16 points, group 2 (n = 7) – cows with lowintensity chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, average fatness 4.4± 0.20 points. At the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy, blood serum samples were taken from cows to determine the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-γ (INF-γ). On the 3rd day after birth, blood samples were taken from the received calves for analysis. The above cytokines and hematobiochemical parameters were determined. It was found that in calves from group 2, the level of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and INF-γ was lower than the comparison group by 10.0; 29.3; 24.5 and 17.4%, respectively, and IL-1ß and TNF-α were 45.8 and 8.7% higher. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that there is a significant direct correlation of noticeable and high strength between the level of cytokines of maternal cows and similar indicators in newborns, which indicates the influence of signaling proteins of the mother's body on fetal development. As a result, neonatal hepatodystrophy was diagnosed in calves born from cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, accompanied by cytolysis and cholestasis syndrome, accumulation of endotoxins and a decrease in energy substrates. The data obtained show that a change in the cytokine profile during pregnancy towards the predominance of proinflammatory cytokines creates a risk of developing antenatal liver pathology in future offspring, thereby forming prerequisites for the development of comorbid pathology in newborns.