The Role of Bioimpedance Analysis of Body Composition in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Disorders in Patients with Obesity of the 1st Degree

Abstract

Obesity and overweight have become common phenomena in today’s realities. The degree of obesity only allows to determine the presence of excessive body weight, but does not assess the real state of the problem. An excess of visceral adipose tissue is the main risk factor for the development of metabolic disorders and dysfunction of all human organs and systems. The mechanism of development of obesity and insulin resistance attracts the greatest attention of doctors. The objective: to study the influence of the percentage of visceral fat on the state of metabolic indicators in patients with obesity of the 1st degree. Materials and methods. The study included 70 patients (44 women and 26 men) with a body mass index (BMI) 30–35 kg/m2. The average age of the study participants was 47.1±1.65 years old. The degree of obesity, body fat mass, percentage of fat in the body, metabolic age, indicators of visceral obesity were determined using bioelectrical resistance analysis technology. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined in all patients. Descriptive statistics were conducted to obtain demographic data. Results. A positive relationship was determined between the level of visceral obesity and BMI, slowing down of the general metabolism, and increasing the metabolic age of patients. A positive relationship between metabolic age and FPG was also registered (CI 95%) = 1.70(0.33/3.07), p=0.01; between age difference and LDL-C level (CI 95%) = 1.12 (0.36/3.88), p=0.02. Conclusions. Obesity is a serious disease that requires great attention and a special treatment approach. Assessing the level of visceral adiposity and metabolic age provides more useful information for physicians to find new approaches to obesity treatment.