Abstract
The research highlights the need for implementation of sustainable bee population protection. For example, uncontrolled or poorly controlled use of chemicals in agriculture has a direct impact not only on the bee life cycle, but also on the safety and sustainable development of the human environment and on environmental protection as a whole. The aim of the research is to highlight the need to limit and transparently control the use of chemicals in agricultural production in order to protect the safe living environment of humans through the legislation primarily aimed at protecting bees. The main methods used are statistical, systemic, analytical and comparative methods. It is proposed to raise public information activities, as well as to harmonize the regulatory enactments with the right to a favourable environment defined in the Constitution (Satversme) and to prohibit the use of poisonous chemical substances in agricultural production.
Highlights
The research considers the need to protect bees, with emphasis on the need to reduce and monitor the decline in use of toxic chemicals and necessity to supervise the use of toxic chemicals in agricultural production
With the help of the statistical method, the conclusions are drawn regarding the economic contribution of the bee population to the national economy
Article 4 of Directive 2009/128/EC states that a purpose of the National Action Plan is to adopt a plan in the Member State that is aimed at setting up quantitative objectives, targets, measures and timetables to reduce risks and impacts of pesticide use on human health and the environment and to encourage the development and introduction of integrated pest management and of alternative approaches or techniques in order to reduce dependency on the use of pesticides (Eiropas Parlamenta un Padomes direktīva 2009/128/EK, 2009), which shall ensure drafting the normative enactments for bee protection
Summary
The research considers the need to protect bees, with emphasis on the need to reduce and monitor the decline in use of toxic chemicals and necessity to supervise the use of toxic chemicals in agricultural production. The most popular is the honeybee (Apis mellifera), which has long been used by humans for honey production. Beekeeping - the agricultural sector - can be described as a type of activity in which beekeepers take care of bee colonies and obtain apiculture products or provide pollination services, that is, bring bee colonies to the agricultural crops for pollination of these plants. It is estimated that within the European Union (hereinafter – the EU) honeybees together with wild pollinators (bumblebees, solitary bees, etc.) contribute an additional EUR 22 billion to the agricultural sector each year The environmental benefit provided by a beekeeper is considered to be ten times higher than a beekeeper gains him/herself by producing apiculture products (Biškopība Sēlijā senāk un tagad, 2018). Pollinators are estimated to provide pollination for over 80% of the European cultivated crops and wild plants. Around 600 000 beekeepers produce approximately 250 000 tonnes of honey (Znotiņa-Znota, 2018)
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