The role of BAP in somatic embryogenesis induction from seed explants of Arachis species from Sections Erectoides and Procumbentes

Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis was induced from seed explants of Arachis archeri, A. porphyrocalix (Section Erectoides) and A. appressipila (Section Procumbentes) in response to 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Embryo axes first developed into single shoots in response to 4.4 μM BAP. Friable embryogenic calluses were produced from the hypocotyl region of these explants in response to different BAP concentrations. Embryonic leaflets also gave rise to friable calluses, but somatic embryos were only observed in explants of A. archeri and A. appressipila. Histological analyses revealed the presence of heart-shaped, torpedo and cotyledonary stages embryos, both as isolated and fused structures. A low frequency of embryo-to-plant conversion was achieved by inducing shoot development on medium solidified with 0.5% phytagel and supplemented with 1.5% or 3% sucrose. Rooting was induced on MS supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).