Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of coronavirus disease COVID-19 with emphasis on the nutritional status of patients. An analytical review of recent publications related to aspects of nutritional support for people in outpatient and inpatient treatment for COVID-19 is presented. The article highlights the pathogenetic justification of the relationship between the immune response and metabolic balance of the body, the optimal content of trace elements, vitamins, components of lipid metabolism. The importance of nutrition as a strategy to support human immune function is considered. Methods for determining the adequate energy balance of patients with severe COVID-19 are presented. Groups of foods and key nutrients that may affect the consequences and clinical course of respiratory infections are described. The importance of assessing and optimizing nutritional status to improve the clinical course and consequences of COVID-19 in patients with comorbid pre-existing non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity with systemic inflammation, is emphasized.
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