Abstract
Background Obesity has harmful effects on the female reproductive system. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is considered to reflect the extent of follicular growth and the reservoir of ovarian function. The relation between AMH and obesity was not fully investigated in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between AMH and antral follicular count (AFC) and BMI in patients with PCOS, and the relation between AMH, AFC, and site.Patients and methods The study included 200 patients with the diagnosis of PCOS. The patients included in the study were divided into four equal groups according to BMI: group A included individuals with average body weight; group B included individuals with BMI between 25 and 30 (overweight); group C included individuals with BMI between 30 and 35 (mild obesity); and group D included individuals with BMI greater than 35 (morbid obesity). The female participants were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, evaluation of serum levels of AMH, and transvaginal ultrasound.Results There was a significant decrease in parity with increased BMI. AMH ranged from 0.30 to 17.22 ng/dl, and there was a significant increase in AMH with increased BMI. There was a positive correlation between BMI, waist–hip ratio, and ovarian volume and AMH, whereas there was a significant inverse correlation between parity and AMH. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between AFC and age, BMI, waist–hip ratio, mean ovarian volume, and AMH, whereas there was a significant negative correlation between AFC and parity. There was a significant increase in AMH in female patients with acne when compared with female patients without acne. In addition, female patients with acne showed a significant increase in AFC when compared with cases without acne.Conclusion The level of AMH was positively correlated with both BMI and AFC. These results reflect that body weight can play a role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary.
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