Abstract
BackgroundAngiogenesis plays an important role in osseointegration process by contributing to inflammatory and regenerative phases of surrounding alveolar bone. The present review evaluated the effect of titanium alloys and their surface characteristics including: surface topography (macro, micro, and nano), surface wettability/energy, surface hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, surface charge, and surface treatments of dental implants on angiogenesis events, which occur during osseointegration period.Material and MethodsAn electronic search was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases via OVID using the keywords mentioned in the PubMed and MeSH headings regarding the role of angiogenesis in implant dentistry from January 2000-April 2014.ResultsOf the 2,691 articles identified in our initial search results, only 30 met the inclusion criteria set for this review. The hydrophilicity and topography of dental implants are the most important and effective surface characteristics in angiogenesis and osteogenesis processes. The surface treatments or modifications of dental implants are mainly directed through the enhancement of biological activity and functionalization in order to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and accelerate the osseointegration procedure.ConclusionsAngiogenesis is of great importance in implant dentistry in a manner that most of the surface characteristics and treatments of dental implants are directed toward creating a more pro-angiogenic surface on dental implants. A number of studies discussed the effect of titanium alloys, dental implant surface characteristic and treatments on agiogenesis process. However, clinical trials and in-vivo studies delineating the mechanisms of dental implants, and their surface characteristics or treatments, action in angiogenesis processes are lagging. Key words:Angiogenesis, dental implant, osseointergration.
Highlights
In the field of implant dentistry, titanium and its alloys are one of the most commonly used groups of materials due to their unique biocompatibility, mechanical characteristics, and chemical stability
According to the close relationship between angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and osseointergration, in this review we provide an overview of the role of titanium alloys and dental implant surface characteristics including surface topography, surface wettability/energy, surface hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, surface charge, and treatments on angiogenesis processes occurring in surrounding alveolar bone after dental implant installation
Search Strategy for the Identification of Pertinent Studies: The searching methodology included electronic searches performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases via OVID using keywords mentioned in the PubMed and MeSH headings including the impacts of titanium alloy used in implant dentistry and the dental implant surface characteristics and treatments on angiogenesis events beginning in alveolar bone after insertion of root forming dental implants
Summary
In the field of implant dentistry, titanium and its alloys are one of the most commonly used groups of materials due to their unique biocompatibility, mechanical characteristics, and chemical stability These distinct values of titanium are because of the formation of an oxide layer on the surface, which has a superior role in establishing a direct contact between dental implant and the surrounding alveolar bone, known as osseointegration [1,2,3]. According to the close relationship between angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and osseointergration, in this review we provide an overview of the role of titanium alloys (titanium-aluminum-vanadium) and dental implant surface characteristics including surface topography (macro, micro, and nano), surface wettability/energy, surface hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, surface charge, and treatments on angiogenesis processes occurring in surrounding alveolar bone after dental implant installation. Clinical trials and in-vivo studies delineating the mechanisms of dental implants, and their surface characteristics or treatments, action in angiogenesis processes are lagging
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