Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs or ARTDs), originally described as DNA repair factors, have metabolic regulatory roles. PARP1, PARP2, PARP7, PARP10, and PARP14 regulate central and peripheral carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and often channel pathological disruptive metabolic signals. PARP1 and PARP2 are crucial for adipocyte differentiation, including the commitment toward white, brown, or beige adipose tissue lineages, as well as the regulation of lipid accumulation. Through regulating adipocyte function and organismal energy balance, PARPs play a role in obesity and the consequences of obesity. These findings can be translated into humans, as evidenced by studies on identical twins and SNPs affecting PARP activity.
Highlights
The field of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs or ARTDs) has come a long way since the discovery of a nuclear poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating (PARylating) enzyme in 1963 (Chambon et al 1963)
The majority of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity is attributed to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) (80%– 85%), while the rest is largely attributed to PARP2 (Amé et al 1999; Schreiber et al 2002; Szanto et al 2011)
PAR polymers can be recognized by a set of proteins that localize to sites marked by PARP enzymes (Barkauskaite et al 2013; Feijs et al 2013)
Summary
PARP enzymes impact metabolism at multiple points, exerting regulatory functions on higher order organismal and basic cellular processes. From another perspective, PARPs impact both central and peripheral metabolic regulation. PARP activation represent pathological disruptive metabolic signals. We briefly review PARP-mediated pathways in metabolic regulation.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
