Abstract
The caudal (Cdx) family of DNA binding proteins was originally identified in Drosophila ; however, homologues with conserved molecular structure and function have been described in several organisms including humans. The three members of the Cdx family in mice and humans, Cdx1 , Cdx2 , and Cdx4 , have been intensively studied for their involvement in axial elongation and early antero-posterior patterning. Cdx1 and Cdx2 regulate cell growth and differentiation, and they are involved in embryonic development of the intestinal tract, intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis. In colon cancer, CDX1 and CDX2 suppress colon cell proliferation, migration and invasion by inhibiting β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity. The expression of CDX1 and CDX2 exists in intestinal metaplasia but not in normal gastric and esophageal mucosa. CDX genes are overexpressed in leukemias. The changes in expression levels of Cdx genes correlate with oncogenic transformation. CDX2 serves as a Wnt signaling inhibitor and is frequently methylated in lung cancer. CDX2 methylation is also a feature of human esophageal squamous cancer, and it may serve as a cancer detection marker.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
