Abstract
Abstract The value of heat storage for space heating systems ranging in size from individual multi-residential buildings to large district heating systems is examined for various time scales of storage—daily, intermediate and seasonal—and for various types of base-load plants for charging the stores. The cost of different types of storage—steel vessels, earth pits, rock caverns, clay stores, drilled rock stores and aquifers—are examined for built, tendered and designed projects, and are expressed as simplified cost equations. A comparison between the value and cost storage is used to discuss which types of stores are best suited for different tasks. Payback time and net savings achievable for various applications are derived. Payback times between less than two years and seven years are often attainable where conditions are suitable. While the numerical results are evaluated for Swedish conditions, comments on applicability elsewhere are included.
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