Abstract
International travel presents a risk of sexual violence. In recent years, several high profile incidents, including the gang rape of an Indian woman aboard a bus in New Delhi in 2012, have heightened the awareness of this risk. The British Foreign and Commonwealth Office currently advises female travelers to India to “exercise caution when traveling there, even if they are traveling in a group,” on the basis that British women have been the victims of sexual assaults in Goa, Delhi, Bangalore, and Rajasthan.1 The international travel advice provided by the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office also highlights recent serious sexual attacks involving female Polish, German, and Danish travelers in 2014, and the kidnapping and sexual assault of a Japanese woman in January 2015.1 In the latter incident, a 22-year-old Japanese tourist was allegedly captured in Kolkata, India, by a tour guide using the pretence of bringing the traveler to visit a Buddhist shrine.2 It is reported that she was then locked in a secluded basement and repeatedly raped for one month before she managed to escape.3 In addition to these high profile media reports, there is also increasing research evidence demonstrating that sexual violence is frequently experienced during international travel. The European Institute of Studies on Prevention conducted a cross-sectional airport survey of more than 6,000 young people (aged 16–35 years) who were returning home from holidays in Southern European tourist resorts including Greece, Cyprus, Italy, Portugal, and Spain.4 A total of 1.5% of participants reported having had sex against their will during their holidays …
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