Abstract
Background and Aims Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in severely obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery. Assessing the prevalence and severity of NAFLD seems crucial since it may affect the prevention or development of more severe forms of fatty liver. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 228 severely obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery. Abdominal ultrasonography was done, and clinical and biochemical factors (liver enzymes, lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar (FBS)) were assessed. Results The mean body mass index (BMI) was 43.45 ± 5.92 kg/m2. The prevalence of NAFLD was 49.12% (mild steatosis: 37.5%, moderate steatosis: 36.6%, and severe steatosis: 25.8%). The main risk factors of NAFLD were weight (p = 0.002), BMI (p = 0.003), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p < 0.001), serum triglycerides (TGs) (p = 0.004), and FBS (p = 0.039). The results revealed a statistically significant decrease in the mean level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p = 0.044). However, no significant association was found between the severity of liver steatosis and the presence of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, hypothyroidism, and dyslipidemia. Conclusions More severe NAFLD was associated with increased weight and BMI. Elevated ALT, AST, TG, and FBS levels and decreased HDL-C levels were also the risk factors of NAFLD and its progress to more severe conditions.
Highlights
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to excessive liver adiposity with various histological abnormalities, which can be classified into two categories: nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
Nonalcoholic fatty liver has been defined as hepatic steatosis without any significant inflammation leading to hepatocellular injury or fibrosis, whereas NASH has been described as hepatic steatosis with inflammation
The results revealed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, Waist circumference (WC), and Waist-tohip ratio (WHR)
Summary
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to excessive liver adiposity with various histological abnormalities, which can be classified into two categories: nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Given that NASH is a more severe stage of NAFLD, it is more likely to develop advanced cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma [1, 2]. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in severely obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery. Assessing the prevalence and severity of NAFLD seems crucial since it may affect the prevention or development of more severe forms of fatty liver. The main risk factors of NAFLD were weight (p = 0:002), BMI (p = 0:003), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p < 0:001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p < 0:001), serum triglycerides (TGs) (p = 0:004), and FBS (p = 0:039). More severe NAFLD was associated with increased weight and BMI. Elevated ALT, AST, TG, and FBS levels and decreased HDL-C levels were the risk factors of NAFLD and its progress to more severe conditions
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