The risk factors for calcification vary among the different sections of the lower extremity artery in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease

Hankun Yan,Zhaoyu Liu,Zhihui Chang

doi:10.1186/s12872-020-01615-w

Hankun Yan, Zhaoyu Liu + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-020-01615-w

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Journal: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders	Publication Date: Jul 11, 2020
Citations: 11	License type: open-access

Affiliation: China Medical University

Abstract

BackgroundPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study explored the risk factors for arterial calcification among the different sections of the lower extremity in patients with PAD and analyzed their correlations with the extent of arterial stenosis at the corresponding section.MethodsThis study enrolled symptomatic PAD patients from our hospital from March 2017 to March 2018. The lower extremity arterial calcification score (LEACS) and lower extremity arterial stenosis index (LEASI), representing the extent of arterial stenosis, were measured on computed tomography (CT) and the correlations between them were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation analysis. The relationships between risk factors and calcification were analyzed among the different sections of the lower extremity artery.ResultsIn total, 209 patients were included. The LEACSs of the total lower extremity, aortoiliac artery, and femoropopliteal and infrapopliteal arteries were correlated with the LEASI (all P < 0.05), but their correlation was relatively weak in the aortoiliac artery. Univariate analysis showed that hypertension was associated with the total (P = 0.019) and aortoiliac (P = 0.012) LEACSs. Diabetes was related to both femoropopliteal (P = 0.001) and infrapopliteal (P = 0.002) LEACSs. The infrapopliteal LEACS was higher in male patients (P = 0.011). After adjustment for age, the above relationships were maintained among the different sections, but not in the total lower extremity artery.ConclusionsThe LEACS is associated with the LEASI in all arterial sections, but that of the aortoiliac artery was relatively weak. Different factors have different effects on calcification among the various sections of the lower extremity artery.

Highlights

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide
As for each arterial section, the lower extremity arterial calcification score (LEACS) of the aortoiliac artery (r = 0.317, P < 0.001), femoropopliteal artery (r = 0.510, P < 0.001), and infrapopliteal artery (r = 0.547, P < 0.001) were all correlated with the lower extremity arterial stenosis index (LEASI), but their correlation was relatively weak in the aortoiliac artery (Fig. 2)
In this study, the total LEACS was associated with the total LEASI, indicating that the extent of arterial stenosis could be better predicted by the degree of calcification

Summary

Introduction

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study explored the risk factors for arterial calcification among the different sections of the lower extremity in patients with PAD and analyzed their correlations with the extent of arterial stenosis at the corresponding section. Yan et al BMC Cardiovascular Disorders (2020) 20:333 calcium salt in the human body occurs most frequently in the arterial system and causes arterial calcification [8, 9], mainly involving intima calcification and media calcification. These two types of arterial calcification cannot be accurately distinguished by conventional computed tomography (CT) [10]. Few studies have focused on the risk factors for calcification in the different sections of the lower limbs

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