Abstract
China has had one of the most rapid global cancer transitions, 1 Cao W Chen HD Yu YW Li N Chen WQ Changing profiles of cancer burden worldwide and in China: a secondary analysis of the global cancer statistics 2020. Chin Med J (Engl). 2021; 134: 783-791 Crossref PubMed Scopus (724) Google Scholar closely resembling that of other high Human Development Index countries. China has a population of more than 1·4 billion people, and is home to the largest global population of older people (aged ≥60 years), equating to approximately 254 million people as of 2019, and is predicted to increase further to 402 million people (to comprise approximately 28% of the national population) by 2040. 2 The LancetPopulation ageing in China: crisis or opportunity?. Lancet. 2022; 4001821 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (1) Google Scholar Cancer care and research have been recognised as one of five key areas of focus in the Chinese Government's Healthy China Action Plan 2019–2030. 3 Department of PlanningDevelopment and Information TechnologyHealthy China Action (2019–2030) Chinese Government. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/guihuaxxs/s3585u/201907/e9275fb95d5b4295be8308415d4cd1b2.shtmlDate: July 15, 2019 Date accessed: January 28, 2023 Google Scholar New cancer drug development, with an emphasis on Chinese national research and development, has been consistently supported in Chinese Government planning, being integrated into the 11th, 12th, and 13th 5-year plans for major new drug innovation. 4 Ministry of Science TechnologyAnnouncement of the State Ministry of Science and Technology on the application of the first batch of Chinese National Major Project for New Drug Innovation for the 11th five-year plan. http://www.most.gov.cn/tztg/200809/t20080901_63712.htmlDate: Sept 1, 2008 Date accessed: January 26, 2023 Google Scholar To foster wider global drug development collaboration, the Drug Supervising and Regulatory Department of China has joined the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use to ensure that international standards for ethical integrity and scientific quality for conducting trials are implemented nationally. 5 Yang F Heng J Li K Wang J The new Good Clinical Practice-2020 in China: views from ethical perspective. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2021; 8100117 Google Scholar Furthermore, regulatory innovation at the National Medical Products Administration has resulted in the implementation of new faster regulatory approval pathways, which emphasise approval based on clinical value. 6 Zhang Y Naci H Wagner AK et al. Overall survival benefits of cancer drugs approved in China from 2005 to 2020. JAMA Netw Open. 2022; 5e2225973 Crossref Scopus (7) Google Scholar , 7 Luo X Du X Li Z Qian F Yang Y Assessment of the delay in novel anticancer drugs between China and the United States: a comparative study of drugs approved between 2010 and 2021. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2023; 113: 170-181 Crossref PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar There is also little doubt that biopharmaceuticals will become a core global industrial domain within China's Belt and Road Initiative.
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