Abstract
ReWaste4.0 is an innovative and cooperative K-Project in the period 2017–2021. Through ReWaste4.0 the transformation of the non-hazardous mixed municipal and commercial waste treatment industry towards a circular economy has started by investigating and applying the new approaches of the Industry 4.0. Vision of the ReWaste4.0 is, among others, the development of treatment plants for non-hazardous waste into a “Smart Waste Factory” in which a digital communication and interconnection between material quality and machine as well as plant performance is reached. After four years of research and development, various results have been gained and the present review article summarizes, links and discuss the outputs (especially from peer-reviewed papers) of seven sub-projects, in total, within the K-project and discusses the main findings and their relevance and importance for further development of the waste treatment sector. Results are allocated into three areas, namely: contaminants in mixed waste and technical possibilities for their reduction as well as removal; secondary raw and energy materials in mixed waste and digitalization in waste characterization and treatment processes for mixed waste. The research conducted in ReWaste4.0 will be continued in ReWaste F for further development towards a particle-, sensor- and data-based circular economy in the period 2021–2025.
Highlights
ReWaste4.0 is a long-term oriented, innovative as well as cooperative K-Project (note: the Competence Centres for Excellent Technologies (COMET) programme is a national funding line of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) that aims to carry out highquality research in science–industry collaboration [1]) at the highest scientific, technical and economic level with two partners from science and eight from industry each
The focus is set on the treatment of non-hazardous mixed waste (i.e., mixed municipal and mixed commercial waste as well as selected non-hazardous mixed fractions declared as the “output” of mechanical treatment processes like Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF) that are utilized in cement industry)
The results show that the topics digitalization and intelligent robotics in waste management, have yet not intensively been discussed in peer-reviewed papers and most of the information comes from technology- and platform-manufacturers [25]
Summary
ReWaste4.0 is a long-term oriented, innovative as well as cooperative K-Project (note: the Competence Centres for Excellent Technologies (COMET) programme is a national funding line of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) that aims to carry out highquality research in science–industry collaboration [1]) at the highest scientific, technical and economic level with two partners from science and eight from industry each. The overall innovative objective for the first time is to investigate and partially implement the new approaches of the “Industry 4.0” (i.e., digital networking, communication between waste quality and plant performance, dynamic process control and optimization and others). This innovative development of waste treatment of non-hazardous mixed waste will transform the branch towards a circular economy and enable high-quality recycling and recovery processes.
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