Abstract
The revelation effect is a phenomenon wherein performing a cognitive task before a recognition judgment induces “old” responses. One of the theories for the occurrence mechanism of the revelation effect is the criterion shift account (Niewiadomski & Hockley, 2001). This account explains that because working memory is occupied when people solve a cognitive task, they adopt a more liberal criterion for recognition judgments immediately after a cognitive task than those with no preceding cognitive task. However, no studies of the revelation effect in which manipulation of working memory was intended have been conducted. We examined whether working memory load and capacity are related to the revelation effect. The results showed that neither the occurrence of the revelation effect nor its degree was affected by working memory load or capacity. As the results suggest working memory is not related to the revelation effect, a partially or entirely alternative account that can explain the revelation effect is needed.
Highlights
Performing a cognitive task before a recognition judgment induces “old” responses, this phenomenon is known as the revelation effect that was first demonstrated by Watkins and Peynircioğlu (1990)
We examined whether working memory load and capacity are related to the revelation effect
Performing a cognitive task before a recognition judgment induces “old” responses, this phenomenon is known as the revelation effect that was first demonstrated by Watkins and Peynircioğlu (1990)
Summary
Performing a cognitive task before a recognition judgment induces “old” responses, this phenomenon is known as the revelation effect that was first demonstrated by Watkins and Peynircioğlu (1990). They found that the old response rate of the recognition probes preceded by a revealed task (e.g., -l----n-, -l-p--n-, -l-p--nt, el-p--nt, el-p-ant, el-phant, elephant) was higher than those not preceded by the task. After solving an anagram using the word “vineyard,” participants made a recognition judgment of the word “elephant.” It is thought that there are two types of revelation effect (Verde & Rotello, 2004), and the former is called the “direct effect,” whereas the latter is the “indirect effect” (Miura & Itoh, 2016). In the present study we examined the indirect effect, because it was more suited to our experimental manipulation
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