The retrospectively analysis of risk factor with free transplanted compound tissue necrosis

Abstract

Objective To analyse the risk factor of vascular crisis following free compound tissue transplantation in order to avoid the risk factor and improve the survival rate of free compound tissue. Methods Sixteen patients with free compound tissue transplantation were retrospectively reviewed between June, 2010 and December, 2015. The age, sex, injury reason, operation time, injury site and donor vessel of the patients were recorded and analysed.The risk factors of free transplanted compound tissue necrosis were concluded. Results Of 16 cases, 5 cases were anterolateral thigh flap, 4 cases medial peroneal artery flap, 2 cases osteocutaneous flap, 1 case toe transplantation, 1 case medial plantar artery flap, 1 case forearm reverse interosseous posterior artery flap and 1 case groin flap. In 16 patients with free compound tissue transplantation, there was no difference in sex and age (P>0.05) . The percentage was higher in the patients injured by vehicle than the patients injured by non-vehicle (P<0.05) . The percentage was lower in the patients with operation within 4 weeks after wound than beyond 4 weeks (P<0.05) .Transplanted tissue necrosis was prone to appear in the patients with low limb injury. The incidence of transplanted tissue necrosis was higher in low limb than in upper limb, and the highest in foot (P<0.05) . If the donor vessel was the dorsalis pedis artery, anterior tibial artery or posterior tibial artery, the incidence of transplanted tissue necrosis was very high. The highest rate was the dorsalis pedis artery (P<0.05) . Conclusion Injury by vehicle, surgery happening beyond 4 weeks after wound and injury in low limb were the high risk factor of tissue necrosis following free compound tissue transplantation. Key words: Surgical flap; Vascular crisis; Necrosis; Risk factor; Retrospectively analusis