Abstract
This article presents the results of field research conducted on the territory of the Central Chernozem region of Russia. The factors of the experiment are mineral fertilizers containing macronutrients (NPK) and the cultivation of a sideral crop (white mustard). The indicators of the biological activity of the soil (typical chernozem) by the method of “decomposition of linen cloth” are considered. It has been established that the highest values of the studied indicator are achieved when sowing a sideral crop without the use of mineral fertilizers. In a soil layer of 0-20 cm, the best result was observed on a corn crop, where the biological activity in this variant is 41.3%. In a soil layer of 20-40 cm, with a similar combination of factors, the highest result was observed on a winter wheat crop (35.4%). The regularity of a decrease in the biological activity of the soil with an increase in the depth of sampling of the analyzed samples is noted.
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