The Results of the Method Percutaneous Intracoronary Intervention in Patients of Both Male and Female

Abstract

To assess gender differences among patients subjected to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) according to data of the "Register of performed operations of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)". The Register was conducted from 1996 to 2012 years and comprised 4890 patients (4121 men and 769 women). Women compared to men were older (58.2+/-8.6 vs 53.4+/-8.3 years; <0.001), had higher body mass index (31.4+/-5.3 vs 29.0+/-4.4 kg/m2; <0.001), level of total cholesterol (5.6+/-1.5 vs 5.3+/-1.3 mmol/l%; <0.001), systolic (141.1+/-22.2 vs 135.1+/-20.8 mmHg, <0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (86.5+/-11.8 vs 85.4+/-12.0 mmHg; =0.014). Compared to male cohort females more often had diabetes mellitus (22.5% vs 10.0%; <0.001), arterial hypertension (92.1 vs 75.6%; <0.001), family history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (31.3 vs 23.4%; <0.001). Moreover, severe functional classes of effort angina (class III-IV 62.8 vs 50.0%; <0.001) and heart failure (NYHA class III-IV 28.1 vs 13.4%; <0.001) were more often detected in women. In men more frequent were smoking (45.4 vs 9.9%; <0.001), alcohol consumption (26.6 vs 9.0%; <0.001) and history of myocardial infarction (51.8 vs 40.2%; <0.001). Linear heart dimensions were larger in men. Men had more severe left ventricular (LV) asynergy (15.9+/-15.1 vs 13.7+/-14.7%; <0.001) and lower LV ejection fraction (54.5+/-8.7 vs 55.4+/-8.6 %; =0.03). As compared with men, portion of women subjected to primary PTCA was higher (14.3 vs 9.2%; <0.001), likewise coronary stenting was more often performed in women (93.6 vs 88.5%; <0.001). Optimal angiographic results were more frequently achieved in women (97.9 vs 96.4%; =0.04). Incidence of post-punctional hematoma was higher in female cohort (15.0 vs 4.6%; <0.001). There were no significant differences between men and women in post-operative mortality and rate of major adverse noncardiac events after primary and planned PTCA. Despite the detected clinical, functional, and echocardiographic gender differences both for men and women PCI was safe and highly efficient method of IHD treatment.