Abstract
Since the damage to alveolar tissue due to cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) is lipid peroxidation, antioxidant treatment is needed. The red guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit contains antioxidants derived from quercetin, lycopene, and vitamin C. This study aimed to determine the effect of red guava fruit extract (RGFE) on the alveolar tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. The 25 rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups. The control and T0 groups were only administered placebo, while T1, T2, and T3 groups were orally administered RGFE of 18.9, 37.8, and 56.7 mg/kg body weight daily for 44 days. The CSE dose of 20 suctions daily was conducted on T0, T1, T2, and T3 groups on days 15–44. On day 45, all rats were sacrificed for serum collection and histopathological lung slides with eosin-nigrosin staining. The result showed that CSE caused an increase (p < 0.05) in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, cell death, apoptosis, and necrosis percentages, congestion and thickening of alveolar septum tissue, and reduction in the alveolar diameter and alveolar number. Administration of RGFE suppressed those effects, and the highest dose of RGFE (T3) restored (p > 0.05) MDA levels, percentage of apoptotic and necrosis, alveolar septal thickening, and alveolar diameter. However, the percentages of cell death, alveolar congestion, and the alveolar number were still worse (p < 0.05) than in normal rats. It could be concluded that RGFE has proved relief and restoration of the alveolar tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke.
Highlights
Research ArticleThe Restorative Effect of Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Fruit Extract on Pulmonary Tissue of Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Dewa Ketut Meles,1 Imam Mustofa,1 Wurlina Wurlina,1 Suherni Susilowati,1 Suzanita Utama,1 Niluh Suwasanti,2 and Desak Ketut Sekar Cempaka Putri 3
Since the damage to alveolar tissue due to cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) is lipid peroxidation, antioxidant treatment is needed. e red guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit contains antioxidants derived from quercetin, lycopene, and vitamin C. is study aimed to determine the effect of red guava fruit extract (RGFE) on the alveolar tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. e 25 rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups. e control and T0 groups were only administered placebo, while T1, T2, and T3 groups were orally administered RGFE of 18.9, 37.8, and 56.7 mg/kg body weight daily for 44 days. e CSE dose of 20 suctions daily was conducted on T0, T1, T2, and T3 groups on days 15–44
Summary
The Restorative Effect of Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Fruit Extract on Pulmonary Tissue of Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed to Cigarette Smoke. E red guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit contains antioxidants derived from quercetin, lycopene, and vitamin C. is study aimed to determine the effect of red guava fruit extract (RGFE) on the alveolar tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. E result showed that CSE caused an increase (p < 0.05) in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, cell death, apoptosis, and necrosis percentages, congestion and thickening of alveolar septum tissue, and reduction in the alveolar diameter and alveolar number. Erefore, the study aimed to determine the effect of red guava fruit extract (RGFE) in restoring the alveolar tissue based on serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), cell death, apoptosis, necrosis, alveolar congestion, the thickness of alveolar septum, alveolar diameter, and the alveolar number of rats exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). Statistical analysis was conducted to a 95% level of significance using Statistical Product and Service Solutions Version 23
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