Abstract
As an emerging technology, shoot encapsulation has been employed in germplasm conservation, distribution, and micropropagation of elite plant species. However, the production of synthetic seeds of sweet potato via non-zygotic embryogenesis requires a large number of embryos per cultured callus suspension and is labour-intensive. Here, we reported a simple method of encapsulating in vitro derived vegetable sweet potato nodal segments with sodium alginate, calcium chloride (CaCl2), and Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts. The nodes encapsulated with 4% sodium alginate (w/v) and 100 mM CaCl2 were the most suitable for propagation. They had uniform spherical beads and took the least number of days to shoot and root emergence. These plantlets produced more leaves, roots, and long shoots. Further evaluation of the MS salts concentration revealed that the plantlets encapsulated and grown with ½ MS salts had the least days to shoot and root emergence. They also had a longer shoot, the highest conversion rate (99%), and the least leaf abscission (17%). Thus, the sweet potato nodal segments encapsulated with 4% sodium alginate, 100 mM CaCl2, and ½ MS salts could be used as excellent material for micropropagation, germplasm conservation, and exchange of sweet potato planting materials.
Highlights
Murashige [1] was the first scientist to propose the concept of encapsulation of in vitroderived non-zygotic embryos to make synthetic seeds
This study aims to study the effect of sodium alginate, CaCl2 and Murashige and Skoog (MS) salt concentration in the encapsulation of sweet potato nodal segments, which could facilitate the conservation of sweet potato’s genetic materials and the exchange of axenic materials
The nodes encapsulated with 4% sodium alginate were the first to break the capsule (9 days) and produced roots
Summary
Murashige [1] was the first scientist to propose the concept of encapsulation of in vitroderived non-zygotic embryos to make synthetic seeds. They have been used in place of somatic embryos in micropropagation and germplasm conservation [2,3,4,5]. Plant regeneration and micropropagation from artificial seeds were later reported by several scientists in various plant species [5,6,7,8,9,10]. The artificial seeds obtained through encapsulation of non-zygotic embryos, shoots, nodes, and meristematic tissues could grow and develop a whole plant under in vitro or in vivo environmental conditions [11,12,13]. Several encapsulated plant parts were used in micro-propagation, in vitro conservation, and germplasm storage as a means of reducing frequent transfer and sub-culturing of in vitro plantlets [9,10,16]
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