The Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog D (RbohD) Cell and Tissue Distribution in Potato-Potato Virus Y (PVYNTN) Hypersensitive and Susceptible Reactions.

Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł,Rodrigo A Valverde,Edmund Kozieł

doi:10.3390/ijms20112741

Abstract

The respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RbohD) acts as a central driving force of reactive oxygen species signaling in plant cells by integrating many different signal transduction pathways in plants, including incompatible interactions with pathogens. This study demonstrated the localization and distribution of RbohD in two types of potato–potato virus Y (PVY) interactions: Compatible and incompatible (resistant). The results indicated a statistically significant induction of the RbohD antigen signal in both interaction types. In the hypersensitive response (resistant reaction) of potato with a high level of resistance to the potato tuber necrotic strain of PVY (PVYNTN), RbohD localization followed by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection was concentrated in the apoplast. In contrast, in the hypersensitive response of potato with a low resistance level to PVYNTN, the distribution of RbohD was concentrated more in the plant cell organelles than in the apoplast, resulting in the virus particles being present outside the inoculation area. Moreover, when compared to mock-inoculated plants and to the hypersensitive response, the PVYNTN-compatible potato interaction triggered high induction in the RbohD distribution, which was associated with necrotization. Our findings indicated that RbohD and hydrogen peroxide deposition was associated with the hypersensitive response, and both were detected in the vascular tissues and chloroplasts. These results suggest that the RbohD distribution is actively dependent on different types of PVY NTN-potato plant interactions. Additionally, the RbohD may be involved in the PVYNTN tissue limitation during the hypersensitive response, and it could be an active component of the systemic signal transduction in the susceptible host reaction.

Highlights

Potato virus Y (PVY, Potyvirus) is considered the fifth most economically important plant virus [1]
This study demonstrated the respiratory burst oxidase homologue D (RbohD) localization and distribution in potato virus Y (PVY) NTN-potato plants interaction with different resistance levels
In the hypersensitive response of potato Sarpo Mira to PVYNTN infection, cell wall reinforcement was followed by virus limitation and RbohD accumulation in the apoplast

Summary

Introduction

Potato virus Y (PVY, Potyvirus) is considered the fifth most economically important plant virus [1]. Viruses are able to replicate, cause dynamic changes of the plant cell ultrastructure, and are transported systemically within the host tissues [5]. In contrast to bacteria or fungal pathogens, PVY enters the plant tissues and is immediately associated with host cells, causing organelle alterations before the plant is able to induce a defense response [5]. The first evidence for the role of oxidative stress and ROS in resistant plants was reported by Doke and Ohashi [12]. They postulated that there was an early oxidative burst in the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)—Nicotiana tabacum interactions

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