Abstract
The decarbonisation potential of residential heat pump technology strongly depends on the public electricity and heat production system. The study presents the national scenarios of replacing the individual heat sources with electrically driven heat pumps in residential space heating. The heat pumps impact on residential CO2 emission and energy balance in public electricity and heat production system were assessed at national level. Application of particular scenario give an incommensurable effect. The space heating sector based on heat pumps may decrease the CO2 emission up to 42.2% or not change the results despite the technology development.
Highlights
Nowadays the European residential sector consumes 293 Mtoe yearly while emitting 377 Mt CO2 [1]
At national level the electrically driven heat pump (HP) units increase the power demand and merely remove the local emission to the large scale energy sources in public energy system. It will result in unbalance of energy production in combined heat and power plants (CHP) and unfavourable changes of national emission
The aim of the national HP based actions should be maintain of energy balance between HP, CHP and district heating, to achieve the lowest national CO2 emission
Summary
Nowadays the European residential sector consumes 293 Mtoe yearly while emitting 377 Mt CO2 [1]. The mechanical HP units, driven by electricity are the leading renewables' technology in residential space heating. Their environmental impact is strongly indicated by emission resulting from the electricity production. At national level the electrically driven HP units increase the power demand and merely remove the local emission to the large scale energy sources in public energy system. It will result in unbalance of energy production in combined heat and power plants (CHP) and unfavourable changes of national emission. The aim of the national HP based actions should be maintain of energy balance between HP, CHP and district heating, to achieve the lowest national CO2 emission
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