Abstract
Eriocheirsinensis, Portunus trituberculatus and Scylla paramamosain are important commercial culture crab species in China. Traditional factory breeding of crabs depends on Artemia nauplius. The rising price of Artemia cysts has led to the decline of the economic benefit of the crab breeding factory. Factory crab breeding has been gradually replaced by pond breeding in recent years. E. sinensis and P. trituberculatus have been bred mainly in ponds. Meanwhile, S. paramamosain is still mainly bred in factories because of the crudeness of pond breeding. The research progress on food organism utilization in the three species of commercially bred crabs was reviewed in this paper. In the workshop seeds production, rotifer and Artemia nauplii were necessary in the early stages from zoea I to zoea II in the three crab species. Adult artemia, minced fish and shellfish were fed to the larvae in the later zoea stages from zoea III to Megalopa. The rising of the price of artemia eggs made people find other feed organism to replace artemia. Copepods have been used in crab seeds production in pond from zoea III stage to replace artemia in recent years, which has reduced the cost of seeds production.
Highlights
Eriocheirsinensis, Portunus trituberculatus and Scylla paramamosain are the most commonly cultured crabs in China
Copepods have been used in crab seeds production in pond from zoea III stage to replace artemia in recent years, which has reduced the cost of seeds production
The ratio between pondseed outputs and total outputs of E. sinensis and P. trituberculatus in China are over 95% and 70%, respectively [4]
Summary
Eriocheirsinensis, Portunus trituberculatus and Scylla paramamosain are the most commonly cultured crabs in China. According to the fishery statistics of China [1], culture area and annual output of three kinds of crabs in the whole country in 2009 were E. sinensis 466,700 hm and 574,200 t, P. trituberculatus 31,800 hm and 91,100 t and S. paramamosain 30,700 hm and 115,900 t. By the end of the 1990s, E. sinensis factory breeding technology became mature and megalopa output per unit water body reached 0.1 kg/m3 to 0.2 kg/m3, and even more than 1 kg/m3 [2]. Afterwards, factory-breeding technology was widely used in P. trituberculatus and S. paramamosain cultures This promoted the rapid development of Chinese crab culture. Since the 21st century, with the development of breeding technology of E. sinensis and P. trituberculatus in ponds, production capacity has constantly improved and offspring seed production has increased year by year. In 2009, megalopa (M) output of E. sinensis and P. trituberculatus in the whole country reached approximately 78,7521 kg [1] and 8000 kg (800 million to 1 billion individuals), respectively [4]
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