The Research Progress of Parkinson's Nonverbal Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most disabling diseases in the middle-aged and elderly population. The cognitive decline of the middle-aged and elderly, such as verbal disorder and nonverbal disorder, has severely impacted their life. This paper systematically expounds the specific manifestations of Parkinson's patients with nonverbal cognitive impairment, like memory impairment, executive ability impairment and attention impairment, as well as revealing the neural mechanism behind them. The result shows that the decline of working memory may be related to the damage of the lateral frontal lobe and parietal cortex. PD patients' executive ability is mainly reflected in their difficulty in keeping balance, which is related to the reduction of the volume and surface area of their cerebral cortex. The attention of PD patients is easily diverted and damaged, associating with the hyperactivity of dopamine in midbrain, the decrease of medial prefrontal cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex. Based on these nonverbal cognitive impairment of PD patients, this paper also introduces the diagnosis methods of PD through the patients' hands and voice, the treatment of motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms, and the gait intervention methods, so as to improve people's understanding of PD patients.